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- • Adoptive This strategy involves transferring immunological cells or molecules that carry information (especially
- lymphokines, the cytokines secreted by lymphocytes) that will help the immune system do its work in a more
- coordinated way.
- • Restorative Cancer itself and treatments like radiation and chemotherapy can decrease the number of
- immunological cells available to take part in the immune response. The restorative strategy involves replacing
- these cells or accomplishing the same goal indirectly by inhibiting the action of suppressive influences on the
- immune system, such as suppressor T cells.
- • Passive This strategy involves giving the immune system specific "weapons" such as antibodies or short-lived
- antitumor "factors," that can attack specific cells. Special kinds of antibodies can also be programmed to deliver
- killer molecules such as radioactive isotopes or toxins to tumor cells.
- • Tumor cell modulation This category isn't formally recognized yet, but "tumor cell-modulating
- immunotherapy" is really the most appropriate term when talking about biological agents such as the
- interferons . All types of immunotherapy depend on the immune cells recognizing the tumor cells. The only
- way they can do this is by spotting certain antigens on the surface of these cells, which is not always an easy
- thing to do. "Cell modulation" means that the tumor-associated antigens are highlighted, giving the immune cells
- a cleaner target to aim for.
-